I was looking for some fairly easy to grasp paper on what is intelligence and I think I found a neat one. It a neural network flavor due to its author, Paul Werbos. Here is the link.

For those who don't know who Paul Werbos is, here is a little biography (which I have copied from a website--backpropagation is the learning technique I use in the previous multilayer neural network code I made):
Paul J. Werbos is best known as the original inventor of backpropagation, as part of his Harvard PhD thesis, which was reprinted in full in his book the Roots of Backpropagation, Wiley 1994, along with his classic 1990 tutorial on backpropagation through time for Proc IEEE. He was one of the three original two-year presidents of the International Neural Network Society, and winner of the IEEE Pioneer Award. He is Program Director for Control, Networks and Computational Intelligence at NSF, which actively seeks more proposals in this area. He has also been active in many cross-cutting funding initiatives; for example, he serves on the Working Group for energy storage and distribution of the interagency Climate Change Technology Program, and coordinated the NASA-NSF-EPRI solicitation on space solar power (NSF 02-098). He is also on the Planning Committee of the Millennium Project of the United Nations University (http://millennium-project.org), and has published a few papers on quantum foundations and technology (see arXiv.org, physics and nonlinear systems). He also has two degrees in economics from Harvard and the London School of Economics