I am a beginner in programming for DirectX 8 and I am having alot of trouble getting multiple 2D rectangles to appear. I have one of them working and has a texture to it. I also positioned that rectangle in the center on the left side of the screen. I am trying to make a Pong game and I tried to add a 2D sphere/circle for the ball but I couldn''t find any tutorials so I decided to try to make another 2D rectangle but when I finished coding it in, I ran the program and nothing appeared, not even the window. Like I stated above if anyone can help me please reply in beginner vocabulary and plz explain if need be. Thanks already for the help. -JcPredator-

Are you using VertexBuffers? If you dont setup a vertexbuffer correctly it can give you some weird results. why dont you post some code (using the

flags) here?

Sry about that, was going to post the source but super got in the way, hehe. I am using VertexBuffers, according to a tutorial i found while i searched yahoo.

Pong.cpp:

#include <d3d8.h>
#include <d3dx8.h>

struct PANELVERTEX
{
FLOAT x, y, z;
DWORD color;
FLOAT u, v;
};

#define D3DFVF_PANELVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZ | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE | D3DFVF_TEX1)

void Render2d();
void PostInitialize(float WindowWidth, float WindowHeight);



//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Global variables
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LPDIRECT3D8 g_pD3D = NULL; // Used to create the D3DDevice
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE8 g_pd3dDevice = NULL; // Our rendering device
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER8 g_pVertices = NULL; // Our Vertex Buffer
LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE8 g_pTexture = NULL; // Texture Object



//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: InitD3D()
// Desc: Initializes Direct3D
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT InitD3D( HWND hWnd )
{
// Create the D3D object, which is needed to create the D3DDevice.
if( NULL == ( g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate8( D3D_SDK_VERSION ) ) )
return E_FAIL;

// Get the current desktop display mode
D3DDISPLAYMODE d3ddm;
if( FAILED( g_pD3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &d3ddm ) ) )
return E_FAIL;

// Set up the structure used to create the D3DDevice. Most parameters are
// zeroed out. We set Windowed to TRUE, since we want to do D3D in a
// window, and then set the SwapEffect to "discard", which is the most
// efficient method of presenting the back buffer to the display. And
// we request a back buffer format that matches the current desktop display
// format.
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
ZeroMemory( &d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp) );
d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = d3ddm.Format;

// Create the Direct3D device. Here we are using the default adapter (most
// systems only have one, unless they have multiple graphics hardware cards
// installed) and requesting the HAL (which is saying we want the hardware
// device rather than a software one). Software vertex processing is
// specified since we know it will work on all cards. On cards that support
// hardware vertex processing, though, we would see a big performance gain
// by specifying hardware vertex processing.
if( FAILED( g_pD3D->CreateDevice( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd,
D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
&d3dpp, &g_pd3dDevice ) ) )
{
return E_FAIL;
}

// Device state would normally be set here

return S_OK;
}




//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: Cleanup()
// Desc: Releases all previously initialized objects
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID Cleanup()
{
if( g_pd3dDevice != NULL)
g_pd3dDevice->Release();

if( g_pD3D != NULL)
g_pD3D->Release();

if(g_pTexture){
g_pTexture->Release();
g_pTexture=NULL;
}

}




//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: Render()
// Desc: Draws the scene
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID Render()
{
if( NULL == g_pd3dDevice )
return;

// Clear the backbuffer to a blue color
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0 );

// Begin the scene
g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene();

// Rendering of scene objects can happen here
Render2d();

// End the scene
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();

// Present the backbuffer contents to the display
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}




//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: MsgProc()
// Desc: The window's message handler
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
switch( msg )
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;

case WM_PAINT:
Render();
ValidateRect( hWnd, NULL );
return 0;
}

return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam );
}




//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: WinMain()
// Desc: The application's entry point
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
INT WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, INT )
{
// Register the window class
WNDCLASSEX wc = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_CLASSDC, MsgProc, 0L, 0L,
GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
"D3D Tutorial", NULL };
RegisterClassEx( &wc );

// Create the application's window
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow( "D3D Tutorial", "D3D Tutorial 01: CreateDevice",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 0, 0, 640, 480,
GetDesktopWindow(), NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL );

// Initialize Direct3D
if( SUCCEEDED( InitD3D( hWnd ) ) )
{
PostInitialize(200.0f, 200.0f);

// Show the window
ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT );
UpdateWindow( hWnd );

// Enter the message loop
MSG msg;
while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
{
TranslateMessage( &msg );
DispatchMessage( &msg );
}
}

// Clean up everything and exit the app
Cleanup();
UnregisterClass( "D3D Tutorial", wc.hInstance );
return 0;
}

void PostInitialize(float WindowWidth, float WindowHeight)
{
D3DXMATRIX Ortho2D;
D3DXMATRIX Identity;

D3DXMatrixOrthoLH(&Ortho2D, WindowWidth, WindowHeight, 0.0f, 1.0f);
D3DXMatrixIdentity(&Identity);

g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &Ortho2D);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &Identity);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &Identity);
g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE);
//g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, TRUE);
//g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_SRCBLEND, D3DBLEND_SRCALPHA);
//g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_DESTBLEND, D3DBLEND_INVSRCALPHA);
//g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAOP, D3DTOP_MODULATE);

g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0,D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0,D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0,D3DTSS_ALPHAOP, D3DTOP_DISABLE);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0,D3DTSS_MAGFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0,D3DTSS_MINFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);




float PanelWidth = 50.0f;
float PanelHeight = 50.0f;

g_pd3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(4 * sizeof(PANELVERTEX), D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY,
D3DFVF_PANELVERTEX, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, &g_pVertices);

PANELVERTEX* pVertices = NULL;
g_pVertices->Lock(0, 4 * sizeof(PANELVERTEX), (BYTE**)&pVertices, 0);

//Set all the colors to white
pVertices[0].color = pVertices[1].color = pVertices[2].color = pVertices[3].color = 0x00000000;

//Set positions and texture coordinates
pVertices[0].x = pVertices[3].x = -90.0f;
pVertices[1].x = pVertices[2].x = -80.0f;

pVertices[0].y = pVertices[1].y = PanelHeight / 2.0f;
pVertices[2].y = pVertices[3].y = -PanelHeight / 2.0f;

pVertices[0].z = pVertices[1].z = pVertices[2].z = pVertices[3].z = 1.0f;

pVertices[1].u = pVertices[2].u = 1.0f;
pVertices[0].u = pVertices[3].u = 0.0f;

pVertices[0].v = pVertices[1].v = 0.0f;
pVertices[2].v = pVertices[3].v = 1.0f;

g_pVertices->Unlock();

D3DXCreateTextureFromFile( g_pd3dDevice, "D:\\Joe\\Pong\\paddle.bmp", &g_pTexture);

float CircleWidth = 7.2f;
float CircleHeight = 7.2f;

g_pd3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(4 * sizeof(PANELVERTEX), D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY,D3DFVF_PANELVERTEX,D3DPOOL_MANAGED, &g_pVertices);

pVertices = NULL;
g_pVertices->Lock(0, 4 * sizeof(PANELVERTEX), (BYTE**)&pVertices,0);

for(int x=0;x<4;x++)
pVertices[x].color = 0x00000000;

// Set Positions and texture coordinates
pVertices[0].x = pVertices[3].x = -CircleWidth / 2.0f;
pVertices[1].x = pVertices[2].x = CircleWidth / 2.0f;

pVertices[0].y = pVertices[1].y = CircleHeight / 2.0f;
pVertices[2].y = pVertices[3].y = -CircleHeight / 2.0f;

pVertices[0].z = pVertices[1].z = pVertices[2].z = pVertices[3].z = 1.0f;

pVertices[1].u = pVertices[2].u = 1.0f;
pVertices[0].u = pVertices[3].u = 0.0f;

pVertices[0].v = pVertices[1].v = 0.0f;
pVertices[2].v = pVertices[3].v = 1.0f;

g_pVertices->Unlock();
}

VOID Render2d()
{
g_pd3dDevice->SetTexture( 0, g_pTexture );

g_pd3dDevice->SetVertexShader(D3DFVF_PANELVERTEX);
g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_pVertices, sizeof(PANELVERTEX));
g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLEFAN, 0, 2);
}


End of Pong.cpp

Obviously u can see in the above code I don't have any code for the second rectangle, I deleted the coding I added for the 2nd rectangle because it wouldn't run, thats where i hoped u guys would help me at. Sry if this doesnt help, I am a newbie in DirectX 8 remember...

-JcPredator-

[edited by - JcPredator on July 16, 2002 5:55:09 PM]