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# Arrays

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I'm just learning CC+ at the moment, I used to program computers a looong time ago (we're talking ZX Spectrums here), some things change, some stay the same. For my first project I am making a simple strategy game that I believe should give me a good foundation upon which to build once it's completed. For the game I have designed a total of 10 tiles to be used as part of a map, these are 48x48 pixels and saved in a .bmp format. I have them saved as 5 on top row and 5 on bottom. I will include more tiles later, this is just to get me going. Forgive me for referring to old ways of coding, but it's what I know. I'll refer to the BASIC programming language as that seems to me to be closer to C++ than the Z80 instruction code that I previously used: I would have set an array up for the large scale map, eg MAP(100,100) Then I would have had another array for the actual display map eg DISP(10,10) which would load it's data from the map array dependent upon where you were at the time. This would have been in a for, next loop eg x=10 y=10 //we are starting 10 across and 10 down for a=1 to 10 for b=1 to 10 DISP(a,b)=MAP(a+x,b+y) next b next a The value of each location would reflect a tile number ie 1 to 10 (well more, because I will either assign more numbers to indicate what is located within the tile, or make it a 3 dimensional array). Can C++ do this in as simple a way as it could be done in BASIC?

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Quote:
 x=10y=10 //we are starting 10 across and 10 downfor a=1 to 10for b=1 to 10DISP(a,b)=MAP(a+x,b+y)next bnext a

it would look like this:
int x=10;int y=10;for (int a=1;a<=10;a=a+1) for (int b=1;b<=10;b=b+1)   {     DISP[a]=MAP[a+x][b+x]     }

Edit: As Elementary pointed out, there is a blaring error in the code above. Not paying enough attention.

[Edited by - Kelly G on September 26, 2004 9:50:44 PM]

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Quote:
Original post by Kelly G
Quote:
 x=10y=10 //we are starting 10 across and 10 downfor a=1 to 10for b=1 to 10DISP(a,b)=MAP(a+x,b+y)next bnext a

it would look like this:
*** Source Snippet Removed ***

C++ arrays are zero based.

int x = 10, y = 10;for(unsigned int row = 0; row  < 10; ++row )  for(unsigned int col = 0; col  < 10; ++col )    disp[row][col] = map[row + x][col + x];

You should seriously consider buying a book or ten, you can't learn C++ well without doing so.

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Ah, I see. Thanks for the quick reply, Kelly.

So, for a for loop you don't have to predefine the variable you are using for the loop itself?
And there is no 'next' to indicate the end of the loop, the {}'s do this job?

It's even easier than BASIC was, I'm gonna enjoy learning it I think :D

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Quote:
 Original post by BravoOneAh, I see. Thanks for the quick reply, Kelly.So, for a for loop you don't have to predefine the variable you are using for the loop itself?And there is no 'next' to indicate the end of the loop, the {}'s do this job?It's even easier than BASIC was, I'm gonna enjoy learning it I think :D

for loops take the form

for ( forinitstatement condition ; expression ) statement

So for(unsigned int row = 0; row < 10; ++row) is declaring an unsigned integer variable named row, and initializing it to 0. The row < 10 is the condition of the for loop, the loop checks this optional condition every time it iterates, if it is true, the loop continues to iterate, if it is false, it stops. ++row is an optional expression which increments the row variable by 1, it is executed each iteration of the loop after the condition is checked and found to be true.

You really need a good book on this.

Quote:
 It's even easier than BASIC was...

That opinion wont last long :)

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To predefine an array, the format would be as follows:

int MAP [100][100];

Is this correct, I only ask these questions as it is an aspect of C++ that I can seem to find few resources in online C++ tutorials.

I have other questions, but will reserve them to another thread.

I am a Yorkshireman, and buying a book would imply spending money. And as a Yorkshireman, spending money is totally out of the question :p

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Well, as a Yorkshireman, learning C++ is also out of the question then.

yes int MAP[100][100]; is valid.

the elements of MAP go from 0 to 99, not 1 to 100.

MAP[0][0] = first element
MAP[99][99] = last element
MAP[99][100] = overwriting the array bounds
MAP[100][99] = same as above

Note: There is a free C++ online book available here, Thinking in C++. It will teach you the basics, but you still need other books to cover other aspects of the language.

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i disagree that you need a book to learn C++. i learned C++ completely from tutorials on the internet.

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 Original post by graveyard fillai disagree that you need a book to learn C++. i learned C++ completely from tutorials on the internet.

And im sure you know it very well...

Can you list the 2 possible compiler errors in this code?

#include<iostream>int main(){std::cout << "Hello World" << std::endl;}

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 Original post by elementaryNote: There is a free C++ online book available here, Thinking in C++. It will teach you the basics, but you still need other books to cover other aspects of the language.

Thanks for the link, elementary, looks good to me :)

One thing better than any book is asking a human to put something you cant quite grasp in another way. That will beat any book on the planet hands down. Though of course, reading is important in order to ascertain what questions to ask in the first place ;)

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