#ifndef MONSTER_H#define MONSTER_H#include <string>// Within the .h file, only #include the stuff that's needed for the .h file.// In our case, that's just the 'string'. It won't cause a problem, but it may// confuse you later to have extra stuff there.// It is usual C++ style to capitalize class names; I do the same with struct// names since in C++, structs and classes are really the same thing (there is// just a bit of syntactic sugar: structs expose data by default while classes// hide it).// It is bad form to actually instantiate anything in your header file, and we// can't use that syntax "struct Name { stuff } thing[10];" with a vector// anyway. (The reason it is bad form is that header guards won't protect you// from getting "multiple definition" errors when you do linking; read// http://www.gamedev.net/reference/articles/article1798.asp for details.)struct Monster {  std::string name; // now we make use of std::string  int health;  int strength;  int experience;  int gold;}; // no Monsters exist yet, we've just said what they look like.#endif

#include <iostream>#include <fstream>#include <vector>#include "monster.h"// I'm not including string here because it's already provided by monster.h;// however, if we were actually to refer to the std::string type explicitly// here, I would include it - don't rely on one header to include another, but// don't include things when you don't need their definitions locally.using namespace std;int main() {  // Now we make use of the 'vector' container to hold our Monsters. For now  // you can just read the angle brackets as "of".  vector<Monster> monsters;  monster current; // a temporary Monster to read into.  ifstream data("iotest.txt");  if (!data.good()) {    // Failed to load file. We should exit the program in this case.    cerr << "couldnt find file\n";    exit(1);    // If this weren't in the main() function of the program, we might throw    // an exception or return an error code instead.             }  // For the entire length of the input file, read in a monster.  // The operator>> can be "chained" as shown: the operation returns the  // stream again. The stream can also be compared like a boolean to see if  // it's still possible to read. So this statement means "while (it is possible  // to) read in all these values into current,".  while (data >> current.name >> current.health >> current.strength >>                  current.experience >> current.gold) {    // And for as long as it is possible to read stuff into current, we should    // then copy the monster into the vector, like this:    monsters.push_back(current);  }  // Now we will output all the vector contents, in a way that should look  // familiar to you. (There are more advanced ways that let you write things  // more neatly and do some cool tricks, but I won't get into that now.)  for (int i = 0; i < monsters.length(); i++) {    // And now we do the same thing as we would have before: the vector    // overloads the operator[] so that it can behave like an array. The    // "length" method simply tells us how many things there are, so that we    // know how far to count up to with i.    cout << monsters.name << "\n";    cout << monsters.health << "\n";    cout << monsters.strength << "\n";    cout << monsters.experience << "\n";    cout << monsters.gold << "\n";  } }