Hello, I have just started to program with directx7. I used and simple example from a book. It only puts a bitmap image on a primarry surface an shows it on screen. I got the errors down to just two, but I cannot figure out what goes wrong, I have included all the necesarry includes. I also cannot find a solution of the error on the web. I got these errors ============================================================================== --------------------Configuration: DIRX7H2 - Win32 Debug-------------------- Compiling... dirxH2.cpp E:\MyCProj\CPLUS\DX1\DXH2\dirxH2.cpp(180) : error C2065: 'bitmap_surface' : undeclared identifier E:\MyCProj\CPLUS\DX1\DXH2\dirxH2.cpp(180) : error C2440: '=' : cannot convert from 'int' to 'struct IDirectDrawSurface *' Conversion from integral type to pointer type requires reinterpret_cast, C-style cast or function-style cast Error executing cl.exe. dirxH2.obj - 2 error(s), 0 warning(s) ============================================================================== Here is the whole code ============================================================================== #include <windows.h> #include "stdafx.h" #include "resource.h" #define INTGUID #define SaveRelease(x) if (x) {x->Release();x=NULL;} #include <ddraw.h> //----Laden van afbeeldingen ein initialisatievlaggen-----------// BOOL bInit=FALSE; LPDIRECTDRAW7 lpDD=NULL; LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpDDSPrimary=NULL; LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER lpClip=NULL; LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE lpBmp=NULL; static char szClass[]="XmplHr2Class"; static char szCaption[]="Example - Hour2"; const char *ErrStr=NULL; const char Err_Reg_Class[]="Foutje in het raampje"; const char Err_Create_Win[]="Foutje in het maken van het raampje"; const char Err_DirectDrawCreate[]="Directdraw heeft gefaald"; const char Err_Query[]="Query gefaald"; const char Err_Coop[]="Wordt niet meegewerkt"; const char Err_CreateClip[]="Kan niet klippen"; const char Err_CreateSurf[]="Geen oppervlakte"; const char Err_LoadBmp[]="Kan het plaatje niet laden"; void Cleanup(void) //64 redefinition; different type modifiers<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< { SaveRelease(lpBmp); SaveRelease(lpDDSPrimary); SaveRelease(lpClip); SaveRelease(lpDD); if (ErrStr) //70 redefinition; different type modifiers<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< MessageBox(NULL, ErrStr, szCaption,MB_OK); } void DrawImage() //76 redefinition; different type modifiers<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< { if(!lpBmp||!bInit) return; lpDDSPrimary->Blt(NULL,NULL,NULL,DDBLT_WAIT,NULL); //80 cannot convert parameter 2 from 'struct IDirectDrawSurface *' to 'struct IDirectDrawSurface7 *' } //Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cast, C-style cast or function-style cast LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd,UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch(uMsg) { case WM_COMMAND: switch(LOWORD(wParam)) { case IDM_EXIT: DestroyWindow(hWnd); break; } break; case WM_PAINT: PAINTSTRUCT ps; BeginPaint(hWnd,&ps); DrawImage(); //45 undeclared identifier <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< EndPaint(hWnd,&ps); break; case WM_DESTROY: Cleanup(); //50 undeclared identifier <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< PostQuitMessage(1); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam); } return 0; } static BOOL Init(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) { WNDCLASSEX wc; HRESULT hRet; DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // The size of the windowclass wc.style=CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW; // The style of the window wc.lpfnWndProc=(WNDPROC) WindowProc; // a long pointer to the function WnProc wc.cbClsExtra=0; // Extra memmory for the Class wc.cbWndExtra=sizeof(DWORD); // Extra memmory for the Window wc.hInstance=hInstance; // the handle to the instance wc.hIcon=NULL; // the big icon (32x32) associated with the window wc.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW); // the mouse cursor wc.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW-3); // backgroundcolor wc.lpszMenuName=MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU); // long pointer to the menu function wc.lpszClassName=szClass; // longpointer to the zero terminated string Class Name if(!RegisterClassEx(&wc)) //105 cannot convert from 'const char [22]' to 'int' { ErrStr=Err_Reg_Class; return FALSE; } int ScreenWidth=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN); int ScreenHeight=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN); HWND hWnd; hWnd=CreateWindow( szClass, // The class or feel of the window szCaption, // the name of teh class defined wit const above WS_VISIBLE|WS_POPUP, // The class of the window, in this case it will overlapp any other window 0, // 0, // ScreenWidth, // The width of the window ScreenHeight, // The height of the window NULL, // NULL, // hInstance, // Th handle to the window NULL); // if(!hWnd) { ErrStr=Err_Create_Win; return FALSE; } ShowWindow(hWnd,nCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hWnd); hRet=DirectDrawCreateEx(NULL,(LPVOID*)&lpDD,IID_IDirectDraw7,NULL); if(hRet != DD_OK) { ErrStr=Err_DirectDrawCreate; return FALSE; } hRet=lpDD->SetCooperativeLevel(hWnd,DDSCL_NORMAL); if(hRet != DD_OK) { ErrStr=Err_Coop; return FALSE; } hRet=lpDD->CreateClipper(NULL,&lpClip,NULL); if(hRet != DD_OK) { ErrStr=Err_CreateClip; return FALSE; } lpClip->SetHWnd(0,hWnd); ZeroMemory(&ddsd,sizeof(ddsd)); ddsd.dwSize=sizeof(ddsd); ddsd.dwFlags=DDSD_CAPS; ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps=DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE; hRet=lpDD->CreateSurface(&ddsd,&lpDDSPrimary,NULL); if(hRet != DD_OK) { ErrStr=Err_CreateSurf; return FALSE; } lpDDSPrimary->SetClipper(lpClip); bInit=TRUE; lpBmp=bitmap_surface("mijn.bmp"); //175 'bitmap_surface' : undeclared identifier DrawImage(); return TRUE; } int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { MSG uMsg; if(!Init(hInstance,nCmdShow)) { Cleanup(); } while(GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)>0) { TranslateMessage(&uMsg); DispatchMessage(&uMsg); } return uMsg.wParam; } ============================================================================== Can someone help me to find and correct this error, I would b grateful. Greetings and happy gaming Roland Parijs

The compiler is looking for a function called bitmap_surface(). However, you have not provided that function, so it can't find it. Check your book and make sure you didn't miss it.