DirectX Sprite Problem
Author
I'm attempting to cover the basics of C++ game programming right now (having a spattering of non-game experiance in QBasic, Visual Basic, and C++) So I am running through a book on basic 2D and 3D DirectX programming using VC++.
So, I copied is code off the CD and tried to run it and I get the following errors:
error C2065: 'D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND' : undeclared identifier
error C2660: 'ID3DXSprite::Draw' : function does not take 5 arguments
The code that generates the errors is as follows:
LPD3DXSPRITE sprite_handler;
sprite_handler->Begin(D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND);
sprite_handler->Draw(
caveman_image,
&srcRect,
NULL,
&position,
D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,255));
Thinking that perhaps DirectX had changed its functions and/or flags I checked out MSDN and what I found said that this should work. Which left me quite confused. I recieve no other errors, which means, I believe, that all of the proper #include calls are there.
I'm using VC++ 2003 and I downloaded the aug2006 update to the DirectX SDK yesterday.
This is old advice, and may not even be good anymore, but if you don't mind digging thru archived documentation on msdn, I recommend starting your gaming werk with DirectDraw (from DirectX7). It's many many times simpler than Direct3d (at least, to my memory), and isn't a bad place to start.
Also, I've never worked with Direct3D (DirectDraw and OpenGL here), so I'm a touch biased <3
Sorry I couldn't be of more help. Hope someone reads this thread who can answer your direct question =) good luck.
Also, I've never worked with Direct3D (DirectDraw and OpenGL here), so I'm a touch biased <3
Sorry I couldn't be of more help. Hope someone reads this thread who can answer your direct question =) good luck.
Are you including d3dx9.h as opposed to 8? Bit weird if so because I, like you, have just checked MSDN and DirectX 9 does indeed have D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND and Draw does indeed take five parameters.
Have to disagree with serratemplar about DirectDraw. Personally I think Direct3D 8 onwards are actually easier to set up than DirectDraw and with ID3DXSprite, it should be almost easy to use for 2D stuff.
Plus you get loads of benefits like hardware alpha blending, scaling, rotation, vertex colouring (whatever the proper name for that is) and DirectDraw is now deprecated so hardware support for it is on its way out and I believe the interface has been dumped entirely from DirectX 10.
You'll end up having to relearn most stuff when you do switch to Direct3D so why put yourself through it?
Also, if you have a fast enough internet connection, upgrade Visual Studio to 2005. I don't know if it will affect this issue, but there is little reason not to.
Have to disagree with serratemplar about DirectDraw. Personally I think Direct3D 8 onwards are actually easier to set up than DirectDraw and with ID3DXSprite, it should be almost easy to use for 2D stuff.
Plus you get loads of benefits like hardware alpha blending, scaling, rotation, vertex colouring (whatever the proper name for that is) and DirectDraw is now deprecated so hardware support for it is on its way out and I believe the interface has been dumped entirely from DirectX 10.
You'll end up having to relearn most stuff when you do switch to Direct3D so why put yourself through it?
Also, if you have a fast enough internet connection, upgrade Visual Studio to 2005. I don't know if it will affect this issue, but there is little reason not to.
Personally I'd be more inclined to find out why this isn't working first. DirectX 9 ships with all the older interfaces anyway so I don't think getting an older SDK would help.
Could you paste the complete code in [ source ][ /source ] tags (without the spaces)? Perhaps someone here will be able to help.
Could you paste the complete code in [ source ][ /source ] tags (without the spaces)? Perhaps someone here will be able to help.
Author
//the main game loopvoid Game_Run(HWND hwnd){ //make sure the Direct3D device is valid if (d3ddev == NULL) return; //after short delay, ready for next frame? //this keeps the game running at a steady frame rate if (GetTickCount() - start >= 30) { //reset timing start = GetTickCount(); //move the sprite caveman.x += caveman.movex; caveman.y += caveman.movey; //"warp" the sprite at screen edges if (caveman.x > SCREEN_WIDTH - caveman.width) caveman.x = 0; if (caveman.x < 0) caveman.x = SCREEN_WIDTH - caveman.width; //has animation delay reached threshold? if (++caveman.animcount > caveman.animdelay) { //reset counter caveman.animcount = 0; //animate the sprite if (++caveman.curframe > caveman.lastframe) caveman.curframe = 1; } } //start rendering if (d3ddev->BeginScene()) { //erase the entire background d3ddev->StretchRect(back, NULL, backbuffer, NULL, D3DTEXF_NONE); //start sprite handler sprite_handler->Begin(D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND); //create vector to update sprite position D3DXVECTOR3 position((float)caveman.x, (float)caveman.y, 0); //configure the rect for the source tile RECT srcRect; int columns = 8; srcRect.left = (caveman.curframe % columns) * caveman.width; srcRect.top = (caveman.curframe / columns) * caveman.height; srcRect.right = srcRect.left + caveman.width; srcRect.bottom = srcRect.top + caveman.height; //draw the sprite sprite_handler->Draw( caveman_image, &srcRect, NULL, &position, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,255)); //stop drawing sprite_handler->End(); //stop rendering d3ddev->EndScene(); } //display the back buffer on the screen d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL); //check for escape key (to exit program) if (KEY_DOWN(VK_ESCAPE)) PostMessage(hwnd, WM_DESTROY, 0, 0);}This is the function that both errors occur in, the #include are in a seperate header file. (Which is, of course, included in this .cpp file.) The program as a whole doesn't really do much, just causes a little animated caveman to run across the screen. Well... thats what its supposed to do anyway.
I think I know what book your using Beginning Game Programming right?
Anyway I had a similar problem, but it had to do with outdated files that the author was using in the code. Do you have a file dxgraphics.cpp and dxgraphics.h. If not you should see if you can find the books homepage for updated code. Once I updated all the code everything worked fine. Here is what I ended up with in a game I made:
Don't rely to much on that book though because I have not been able to get any of the programs I made to run on anyother computers. Something is up with the D3D code.
Anyway I had a similar problem, but it had to do with outdated files that the author was using in the code. Do you have a file dxgraphics.cpp and dxgraphics.h. If not you should see if you can find the books homepage for updated code. Once I updated all the code everything worked fine. Here is what I ended up with in a game I made:
void PlayerControl::Draw(){ RECT srcRect; if(!attack) { srcRect.left = (blueknight.curframe % WALKCOLUMNS) *blueknight.width; srcRect.top = (blueknight.curframe/WALKCOLUMNS) * blueknight.height; srcRect.right = (srcRect.left + blueknight.width); srcRect.bottom = (srcRect.top + blueknight.height); position.x = (float)blueknight.x; position.y = (float)blueknight.y; position.z = 0.0f; sprite_handler->Draw( blue_knight_walk_image, &srcRect, NULL, &position, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,255)); }Don't rely to much on that book though because I have not been able to get any of the programs I made to run on anyother computers. Something is up with the D3D code.
Author
I have had a few problems with the code as well, but I've always been able to fix it pretty easily by wandering around MSDN. If I'm not mistaken it was writen using VC++ 6.0 which I figure is why theres a problem. Considering the books copyright is 2005 I do find it a bit strange that it wasn't written with VC++ 2003.
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