// Core_Graphics.cpp : //#pragma onceclass Core_Graphics{public:	Core_Graphics();	virtual ~Core_Graphics();	virtual BOOL InitD3D();	virtual void ResizeD3D10Window(int width, int height);	virtual BOOL GoDemo();	virtual void Update();	virtual void Render();	virtual void CleanUP();	ID3D10Device *g_d3dDevice;	IDXGISwapChain *g_swapChain;	ID3D10RenderTargetView *g_renderTargetView;	HWND m_hWnd;	};// Core_Graphics.cpp : //#include "StdAfx.h"#include "Core_Graphics.h"Core_Graphics::Core_Graphics(){}Core_Graphics::~Core_Graphics(){	CleanUP();}BOOL Core_Graphics::InitD3D(){	DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC swapDesc;	ZeroMemory(&swapDesc, sizeof(swapDesc));	swapDesc.BufferCount = 2;	swapDesc.BufferDesc.Width = 800;	swapDesc.BufferDesc.Height = 600;	swapDesc.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;	swapDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 60;	swapDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1;	swapDesc.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;	swapDesc.OutputWindow = m_hWnd;	swapDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;	swapDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;	swapDesc.Windowed = TRUE;	HRESULT hr;	unsigned int flags =0;#ifdef _DEBUG	flags |= D3D10_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG;#endif	D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE driverType = D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_NULL;	D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE driverTypes[] =	{		D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,		D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_REFERENCE,	};	unsigned int numDriverTypes = sizeof(driverTypes) /		sizeof(driverTypes[0]);	for(unsigned int i = 0; i < numDriverTypes; i++)	{		driverType = driverTypes;		hr = D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(NULL, driverType, NULL, flags, 			D3D10_SDK_VERSION, &swapDesc, &g_swapChain, &g_d3dDevice);		if(SUCCEEDED(hr))			break;	}	if(FAILED(hr))		return FALSE;	ID3D10Texture2D *buffer = NULL;	hr = g_swapChain->GetBuffer(0,__uuidof(ID3D10Texture2D),(LPVOID*)&buffer);	if(FAILED(hr))		return FALSE;	hr = g_d3dDevice->CreateRenderTargetView(buffer, NULL, &g_renderTargetView);	buffer->Release();	if(FAILED(hr))		return FALSE;	g_d3dDevice->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &g_renderTargetView, NULL);	ResizeD3D10Window(800,600);	return TRUE;}void Core_Graphics::ResizeD3D10Window(int width, int height){	if(g_d3dDevice == NULL)		return;	D3D10_VIEWPORT vp;	vp.Height = height;	vp.MaxDepth = 1.0f;	vp.MinDepth = 0.0f;	vp.TopLeftX = 0;	vp.TopLeftY = 0;	vp.Width = width;	g_d3dDevice->RSSetViewports(1,&vp);}BOOL Core_Graphics::GoDemo(){	return TRUE;}void Core_Graphics::Update(){}void Core_Graphics::Render(){	float col[4] = {1,0,0,1};	g_d3dDevice->ClearRenderTargetView(g_renderTargetView, col);	g_swapChain->Present(0,0);}void Core_Graphics::CleanUP(){	if(g_d3dDevice) g_d3dDevice->ClearState();	if(g_swapChain) g_swapChain->Release();	if(g_renderTargetView) g_renderTargetView->Release();	if(g_d3dDevice) g_d3dDevice->Release();}// D3D_App.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.//#include "stdafx.h"#include "D3D_App.h"#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100Core_Graphics Graphics;// Global Variables:HINSTANCE hInst;								// current instanceTCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING];					// The title bar textTCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];			// the main window class name// Forward declarations of functions included in this code module:ATOM				MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);BOOL				InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);LRESULT CALLBACK	WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);INT_PTR CALLBACK	About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,                     LPTSTR    lpCmdLine,                     int       nCmdShow){	UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);	UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine); 	// TODO: Place code here.	MSG msg;	HACCEL hAccelTable;	// Initialize global strings	LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);	LoadString(hInstance, IDC_D3D_APP, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);	MyRegisterClass(hInstance);	// Perform application initialization:	if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))	{		return FALSE;	}	hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_D3D_APP));	   if(Graphics.InitD3D() == true)   {	   if(Graphics.GoDemo() == true)	   {		   while(1)		   {	// Main message loop:	if (PeekMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))	{		if (msg.message == WM_QUIT) break;			TranslateMessage(&msg);			DispatchMessage(&msg);			}else{		Graphics.Update();		Graphics.Render();	}		   }	   }	      }	   	return (int) msg.wParam;}////  FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass()////  PURPOSE: Registers the window class.////  COMMENTS:////    This function and its usage are only necessary if you want this code//    to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx'//    function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function//    so that the application will get 'well formed' small icons associated//    with it.//ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance){	WNDCLASSEX wcex;	wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);	wcex.style			= CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;	wcex.lpfnWndProc	= WndProc;	wcex.cbClsExtra		= 0;	wcex.cbWndExtra		= 0;	wcex.hInstance		= hInstance;	wcex.hIcon			= LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_D3D_APP));	wcex.hCursor		= LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);	wcex.hbrBackground	= (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);	wcex.lpszMenuName	= MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_D3D_APP);	wcex.lpszClassName	= szWindowClass;	wcex.hIconSm		= LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));	return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);}////   FUNCTION: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int)////   PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window////   COMMENTS:////        In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and//        create and display the main program window.//BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow){   HWND hWnd;   hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable   hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,      CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);   Graphics.m_hWnd = hWnd; //not the best way I realise but been trying different things   if (!hWnd)   {      return FALSE;   }   ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);   UpdateWindow(hWnd);   return TRUE;}////  FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)////  PURPOSE:  Processes messages for the main window.////  WM_COMMAND	- process the application menu//  WM_PAINT	- Paint the main window//  WM_DESTROY	- post a quit message and return////LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){	PAINTSTRUCT ps;	HDC hdc;	switch (message)	{	case WM_COMMAND:	case WM_PAINT:		hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);		// TODO: Add any drawing code here...		//		Graphics.Update();   <---tried moving from message loop to here		//Graphics.Render();		EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);		break;	case WM_DESTROY:		PostQuitMessage(0);		break;	default:		return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);	}	return 0;}

/*   Chapter 2 - Blank Window   Ultimate Game Programming with DirectX 2nd Edition   Created by Allen Sherrod*/#include<windows.h>#include<d3d10.h>#include<d3dx10.h>#pragma comment(lib, "d3d10.lib")#pragma comment(lib, "d3dx10.lib")#define WINDOW_NAME     "Blank Window"#define WINDOW_WIDTH    800#define WINDOW_HEIGHT   600// Direct3D 10 objects.ID3D10Device *g_d3dDevice = NULL;IDXGISwapChain *g_swapChain = NULL;ID3D10RenderTargetView *g_renderTargetView = NULL;bool InitializeDemo(){   // Nothing to initialize.   return true;}void Update(){   // Nothing to update.}void RenderScene(){	float col[4] = { 1, 0, 0, 1 };   // Clear the rendering destination to a specified color.	g_d3dDevice->ClearRenderTargetView(g_renderTargetView, col);   // Display the results to the target window (swap chain).	g_swapChain->Present(0, 0);}void Shutdown(){   // Release all used memory.	if(g_d3dDevice) g_d3dDevice->ClearState();	if(g_swapChain) g_swapChain->Release();	if(g_renderTargetView) g_renderTargetView->Release();	if(g_d3dDevice) g_d3dDevice->Release();}void ResizeD3D10Window(int width, int height){   if(g_d3dDevice == NULL)      return;   D3D10_VIEWPORT vp;   vp.Width = width;   vp.Height = height;   vp.MinDepth = 0.0f;   vp.MaxDepth = 1.0f;   vp.TopLeftX = 0;   vp.TopLeftY = 0;   g_d3dDevice->RSSetViewports(1, &vp);}bool InitializeD3D10(HWND hwnd){   DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC swapDesc;   ZeroMemory(&swapDesc, sizeof(swapDesc));   // A swap chain needs to be created first.  Once created   // we can create a rendering target that can allow us to   // actually draw to the swap chain (the window).   swapDesc.BufferCount = 2;   swapDesc.BufferDesc.Width = WINDOW_WIDTH;   swapDesc.BufferDesc.Height = WINDOW_HEIGHT;   swapDesc.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;   swapDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 60;   swapDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1;   swapDesc.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;   swapDesc.OutputWindow = hwnd;   swapDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;   swapDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;   swapDesc.Windowed = TRUE;   HRESULT hr = S_OK;   unsigned int flags = 0;   // This next flag gives us debug information   // during development.  Not used in release versions.#ifdef _DEBUG   flags |= D3D10_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG;#endif   D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE driverType = D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_NULL;   D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE driverTypes[] =    {      D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,      D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_REFERENCE,   };   // Loop through each device type and see if we can create   // at least one of them.  If they all fail then there is   // a huge problem with your hardware or DirectX   // installation.   unsigned int numDriverTypes = sizeof(driverTypes) /                                 sizeof(driverTypes[0]);   for(unsigned int i = 0; i < numDriverTypes; i++)      {         driverType = driverTypes;         hr = D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(NULL, driverType, NULL,                                            flags, D3D10_SDK_VERSION,                                            &swapDesc, &g_swapChain,                                            &g_d3dDevice);         if(SUCCEEDED(hr))            break;      }   if(FAILED(hr))      return false;   // Get the back buffer from the rendering swap chain so we   // can create a destination rendering target from it.   ID3D10Texture2D *buffer = NULL;   hr = g_swapChain->GetBuffer(0, __uuidof(ID3D10Texture2D),                               (LPVOID*)&buffer);   // Check for problems creating the previous object.   if(FAILED(hr))      return false;   // Create the default render destination for the drawing calls.   hr = g_d3dDevice->CreateRenderTargetView(buffer, NULL,                                            &g_renderTargetView);   // No longer need this once the render target viw is created.   buffer->Release();   // Check for problems creating the previous object.   if(FAILED(hr))      return false;   // Set default render target.  Can be set during the rendering   // but since there is only 1 render target it can be set once.   g_d3dDevice->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &g_renderTargetView, NULL);   // Ensure window is ready to be drawn to.   ResizeD3D10Window(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT);   return true;}// *** WIN32 STUFF FROM HERE ON ***LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT m, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp){	// Window width and height.	int width, height;	switch(m)	{		case WM_CLOSE:		case WM_DESTROY:			PostQuitMessage(0);			return 0;			break;		case WM_SIZE:			height = HIWORD(lp);			width = LOWORD(lp);			if(height == 0)				height = 1;			ResizeD3D10Window(width, height);			return 0;			break;		case WM_KEYDOWN:			switch(wp)			{ 				case VK_ESCAPE:					PostQuitMessage(0);					break;				default:					break;			}			break;		default:			break;	}	// Pass remaining messages to default handler.	return (DefWindowProc(hwnd, m, wp, lp));}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE prev, LPSTR cmd, int show){   MSG msg;      // Describes a window.   WNDCLASSEX windowClass;   memset(&windowClass, 0, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX));   windowClass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);   windowClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;   windowClass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;   windowClass.hInstance = hInstance;   windowClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);   windowClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);   windowClass.lpszClassName = "DX10CLASS";   windowClass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);   if(!RegisterClassEx(&windowClass))      return 0;   // Create the window.   HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, "DX10CLASS", WINDOW_NAME,      WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE | WS_SYSMENU |      WS_CLIPCHILDREN | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS, 100, 100,      WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, 0, 0, hInstance, NULL);   if(!hwnd)      return 0;   ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOW);   UpdateWindow(hwnd);   // If initialize fail don't run the program.   if(InitializeD3D10(hwnd) == true)      {         if(InitializeDemo() == true)            {               // This is the messsage loop.               while(1)                  {                     if(PeekMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))                        {                           // If a quit message then break;                           if(msg.message == WM_QUIT) break;                           TranslateMessage(&msg);                           DispatchMessage(&msg);                        }                     else                        {                           Update();                           RenderScene();                        }                  }            }      }   // Release all resources and unregister class.   Shutdown();   UnregisterClass("DX10CLASS", windowClass.hInstance);   return (int)msg.wParam;}