#include <allegro.h>
#include <cstdlib>
int x = 320;
int y = 240;
int tempX = 320;
int tempY = 240;
int dir = 1;
void moveCircle()
{
tempX = x;
tempY = y;
if(dir == 1 && x !=20 && y !=20){
--x;
--y;
} else if (dir == 2 && x !=20 && y !=460) {
--x;
++y;
} else if (dir == 3 && x !=620 && y !=20) {
++x;
--y;
} else if (dir == 4 && x !=620 && y !=460) {
++x;
++y;
} else {
dir = rand() % 4 + 1;
}
acquire_screen();
circlefill( screen, tempX, tempY, 20, makecol( 0, 0, 0));
circlefill( screen, x, y, 20, makecol( 128, 225, 0));
release_screen();
rest(10);
}
int main()
{
allegro_init();
install_keyboard();
set_color_depth(16);
set_gfx_mode(GFX_AUTODETECT_WINDOWED, 640, 480, 0, 0);
int y1 = 0;
int y2 = 0;
BITMAP *bat = load_bitmap("sprites/bat.bmp", NULL);
BITMAP *bat2 = load_bitmap("sprites/bat.bmp", NULL);
while (!key [KEY_ESC]) {
moveCircle();
}
return 0;
}
END_OF_MAIN ()
Making Pong
Author
I'm making pong in C++ and Allegro,and ive managed to make a ball that will bounce off EVERY side.I know i can make them go through the sides to score a point,but i don't know how to make the bats and make them work. What do i have to do?Iv etried experimenting, but that failed.Anyways,here is my code so far:
I will present a skeleton of what the code could look like:
A few things to note:
#include <allegro.h>
#include <cstdlib>
const int WINDOW_WIDTH = 640;
const int WINDOW_HEIGHT = 480;
const int BALL_SIZE = 20;
const int BALL_SPEED = 1;
// TODO: these need values
const int PADDLE_WIDTH = /* ... */;
const int PADDLE_HEIGHT = /* ... */;
const int PADDLE_OFFSET_FROM_WALL = /* ... */;
const int PADDLE_SPEED = 1;
struct Ball
{
int x;
int y;
int vx;
int vy;
};
struct Paddle
{
int x;
int y;
int vy;
};
struct Pong
{
Ball ball;
Paddle left;
Paddle right;
BITMAP *sprite;
};
void updatePaddle(Paddle &paddle, Ball &ball)
{
// TODO:
// * Update paddle position
// * Ensure paddle doesn't leave the screen
// * Paddle/ball collision
}
void reset(Ball &ball)
{
ball.x = WINDOW_WIDTH / 2;
ball.y = WINDOW_HEIGHT / 2;
ball.vx = (rand() > (RAND_MAX / 2)) ? BALL_SPEED : -BALL_SPEED;
ball.vy = (rand() > (RAND_MAX / 2)) ? BALL_SPEED : -BALL_SPEED;
}
void update(Pong &pong)
{
Ball &ball = pong.ball;
// TODO:
// * Move ball
// * Keep ball in Y bounds
// * Detect point, reset ball (and perhaps implement score system)
// Update paddles and check collision
updatePaddle(pong.left, ball);
updatePaddle(pong.right, ball);
}
void draw(const Pong &pong)
{
// TODO:
// * Clear screen
// * Draw ball
// * Draw left paddle
// * Draw right paddle
}
void runAI(Paddle &paddle, const Ball &ball)
{
// TODO: check if ball is above or below paddle, and move accordingly
}
/*
* Returns false if user requests quit
*/
bool controls(Pong &pong)
{
// Alternatively, test with two A.I. players until you have the game working
runAI(pong.left, pong.ball);
runAI(pong.right, pong.ball);
// When the game works, then you can work on applying player input
// to one or both paddles
return !key[KEY_ESC];
}
int main()
{
allegro_init();
install_keyboard();
set_color_depth(16);
set_gfx_mode(GFX_AUTODETECT_WINDOWED, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, 0, 0);
// TODO: error handling on above calls?
BITMAP *sprite = load_bitmap("sprites/bat.bmp", NULL);
if(!sprite)
{
// TODO: error handling
}
Pong pong;
// Initialise sprite
pong.sprite = sprite;
// Initialise ball
reset(pong.ball);
// Initialise left paddle
pong.left.x = PADDLE_OFFSET_FROM_WALL;
pong.left.y = WINDOW_HEIGHT / 2;
pong.left.vy = 0;
// Initialise right paddle
pong.left.x = WINDOW_WIDTH - PADDLE_WIDTH - PADDLE_OFFSET_FROM_WALL;
pong.left.y = WINDOW_HEIGHT / 2;
pong.left.vy = 0;
// Run game
while (controls(pong))
{
update(pong);
draw(pong);
rest(10);
}
return 0;
}
END_OF_MAIN()
A few things to note:
- Use named constants over magic numbers
- No global mutable variables
- Data structures make it clear which data belongs to which object
- Separating control, rendering and game logic makes everything a little clearer
- Decompose functions by using helper functions to accomplish specific tasks
- Note we can then reuse these functions (e.g. ball reset function, or using one function for two paddles)
- We don't need to load the same bitmap twice, you can just paint it twice
- Separating the X and Y velocity, rather than having a direction, will make collision resolution simpler (x axis collision? invert vx!)
Author
Well, it seems hard. I'm only a begginer, and this is the first thing i'm doing.I know some stuff, but this just seems really hard in my eyes. Do you know any good tutorials?
This tutorial covers creating a Pong game in detail, however it uses SFML instead of SDL.
Truth told, this stuff is tricky, you need to put a lot of effort in to learn anything, no tutorial in the world is going to take the learning curve away.
Truth told, this stuff is tricky, you need to put a lot of effort in to learn anything, no tutorial in the world is going to take the learning curve away.
Well, it seems hard. I'm only a begginer, and this is the first thing i'm doing.
[/quote]
If you're a beginner, you should start out making simple text based/console programs. Writing a full pong application is actually not a beginner task.
Author
Well, it seems hard. I'm only a begginer, and this is the first thing i'm doing.
If you're a beginner, you should start out making simple text based/console programs. Writing a full pong application is actually not a beginner task.
[/quote]
sol like text based games?
Sure. An excellent example might be a full text based noughts and crosses game (Tic Tac Toe might be more familiar for those of a North American persuasion). It could have a basic menu, a game where the player players an A.I. of varying difficulty and a two player mode. You could even add save/load features. Does that sound like something you might manage?
To gauge your ability, what is the biggest program you have completed to date? You should always be aiming a bit bigger than that, but not too big.
To gauge your ability, what is the biggest program you have completed to date? You should always be aiming a bit bigger than that, but not too big.
Author
I have made no really complete program in C++, I've just started this RPG,and yes it sounds like i can manage it and i will make this Tic-Tac-Toe first.
I have made no really complete program in C++...
[/quote]
If you haven't already, I would then recommend you purchase (or loan from your library) a book. Completing the exercises at the end of each chapter will give you valuable experience in problem solving, problem deconstruction, program design and applying various techniques.
Writing even a moderate program like I proposed is a feat to take pride in as a beginner. If you completed any programs, I would recommend an even simpler program again, the classic "Guess the number" is one of the first truly interactive programs most beginners attempt.
Author
I have made no really complete program in C++...
If you haven't already, I would then recommend you purchase (or loan from your library) a book. Completing the exercises at the end of each chapter will give you valuable experience in problem solving, problem deconstruction, program design and applying various techniques.
Writing even a moderate program like I proposed is a feat to take pride in as a beginner. If you completed any programs, I would recommend an even simpler program again, the classic "Guess the number" is one of the first truly interactive programs most beginners attempt.
[/quote]
Well, i've just made a menu on a console, it was quite easy,actually just some while and switch statements.So i have made a simple menu with Play, Help and Quit. Now i just need to make the help screen and then i will do the tic-tac-toe.
This topic is closed to new replies.
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