Here is some source code:
TreeDemo::TreeDemo(HINSTANCE hInstance, std::string winCaption, D3DDEVTYPE devType, DWORD requestedVP)
: D3DApp(hInstance, winCaption, devType, requestedVP)
{
if(!checkDeviceCaps())
{
MessageBox(0, "checkDeviceCaps() Failed", 0, 0);
PostQuitMessage(0);
}
mGfxStats = new GfxStats();
mCameraRadius = 6.0f;
mCameraRotationY = 1.2 * D3DX_PI;
mCameraHeight = 3.0f;
mLightVecW = D3DXVECTOR3(0.0, 0.707f, -0.707f);
mDiffuseLight = D3DXCOLOR(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
mAmbientLight = D3DXCOLOR(0.6f, 0.6f, 0.6f, 1.0f);
mSpecularLight = D3DXCOLOR(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
mGroundMtrl.ambient = D3DXCOLOR(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
mGroundMtrl.diffuse = D3DXCOLOR(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
mGroundMtrl.spec = D3DXCOLOR(0.4f, 0.4f, 0.4f, 1.0f);
mGroundMtrl.specPower = 8.0f;
mGateMtrl.ambient = D3DXCOLOR(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
mGateMtrl.diffuse = D3DXCOLOR(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
mGateMtrl.spec = D3DXCOLOR(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
mGateMtrl.specPower = 8.0f;
mTreeMtrl.ambient = D3DXCOLOR(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
mTreeMtrl.diffuse = D3DXCOLOR(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
mTreeMtrl.spec = D3DXCOLOR(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
mTreeMtrl.specPower = 8.0f;
D3DXMatrixIdentity(&mGroundWorld);
D3DXMatrixIdentity(&mGateWorld);
D3DXMatrixIdentity(&mTreeWorld);
HR(D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(gd3dDevice, "tree.dds", &mTreeTex));
HR(D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(gd3dDevice, "ground0.dds", &mGroundTex));
HR(D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(gd3dDevice, "gatea.dds", &mGateTex));
buildGridGeometry();
buildGateGeometry();
buildTreeGeometry();
mGfxStats->addVertices(mNumGridVertices);
mGfxStats->addTriangles(mNumGridTriangles);
// Add gate quad vertices.
mGfxStats->addVertices(4);
mGfxStats->addTriangles(2);
buildFX();
onResetDevice();
InitAllVertexDeclarations();
}
void TreeDemo::drawScene()
{
// Clear the backbuffer and depth buffer.
HR(gd3dDevice->Clear(0, 0, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, 0xffeeeeee, 1.0f, 0));
HR(gd3dDevice->BeginScene());
// Setup the rendering FX
HR(mFX->SetTechnique(mhTech));
HR(mFX->SetValue(mhLightVecW, &mLightVecW, sizeof(D3DXVECTOR3)));
HR(mFX->SetValue(mhDiffuseLight, &mDiffuseLight, sizeof(D3DXCOLOR)));
HR(mFX->SetValue(mhAmbientLight, &mAmbientLight, sizeof(D3DXCOLOR)));
HR(mFX->SetValue(mhSpecularLight, &mSpecularLight, sizeof(D3DXCOLOR)));
drawGround();
drawTrees();
mGfxStats->display();
HR(gd3dDevice->EndScene());
// Present the backbuffer.
HR(gd3dDevice->Present(0, 0, 0, 0));
}
void TreeDemo::buildGridGeometry()
{
std::vector<D3DXVECTOR3> verts;
std::vector<DWORD> indices;
GenTriGrid(100, 100, 1.0f, 1.0f,
D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), verts, indices);
// Save vertex count and triangle count for DrawIndexedPrimitive arguments.
mNumGridVertices = 100*100;
mNumGridTriangles = 99*99*2;
// Obtain a pointer to a new vertex buffer.
HR(gd3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(mNumGridVertices * sizeof(VertexPNT),
D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY, 0, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, &mGridVB, 0));
// Now lock it to obtain a pointer to its internal data, and write the
// grid's vertex data.
VertexPNT* v = 0;
HR(mGridVB->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&v, 0));
float texScale = 0.2f;
for(int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
{
for(int j = 0; j < 100; ++j)
{
DWORD index = i * 100 + j;
v[index].pos = verts[index];
v[index].normal = D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
v[index].tex0 = D3DXVECTOR2((float)j, (float)i) * texScale;
}
}
HR(mGridVB->Unlock());
// Obtain a pointer to a new index buffer.
HR(gd3dDevice->CreateIndexBuffer(mNumGridTriangles*3*sizeof(WORD), D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY,
D3DFMT_INDEX16, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, &mGridIB, 0));
// Now lock it to obtain a pointer to its internal data, and write the
// grid's index data.
WORD* k = 0;
HR(mGridIB->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&k, 0));
for(DWORD i = 0; i < mNumGridTriangles*3; ++i)
k = (WORD)indices;
HR(mGridIB->Unlock());
}
void TreeDemo::buildTreeGeometry()
{
HR(gd3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(16* sizeof(VertexPNT),
D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY, 0, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, &mTreeVB, 0));
VertexPNT* v = 0;
HR(mTreeVB->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&v, 0));
v[0] = VertexPNT(-0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
v[1] = VertexPNT(-0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
v[2] = VertexPNT( 0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
v[3] = VertexPNT( 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
v[4] = VertexPNT(-0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
v[5] = VertexPNT(-0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
v[6] = VertexPNT( 0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
v[7] = VertexPNT( 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
v[8] = VertexPNT(-0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
v[9] = VertexPNT(-0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
v[10] = VertexPNT( 0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
v[11] = VertexPNT( 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
v[12] = VertexPNT(-0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
v[13] = VertexPNT(-0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
v[14] = VertexPNT( 0.5f, 1.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
v[15] = VertexPNT( 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
HR(mTreeVB->Unlock());
HR(gd3dDevice->CreateIndexBuffer(24*sizeof(WORD), D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY,
D3DFMT_INDEX16, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, &mTreeIB, 0));
WORD* k = 0;
HR(mTreeIB->Lock(0, 0, (void**)&k, 0));
k[0] = 0; k[1] = 1; k[2] = 2; // Triangle 0
k[3] = 0; k[4] = 2; k[5] = 3; // Triangle 1
k[6] = 4; k[7] = 5; k[8] = 6; // Triangle 2
k[9] = 4; k[10] = 5; k[11] = 7; // Triangle 3
k[12] = 8; k[13] = 9; k[14] = 10; // Triangle 4
k[15] = 8; k[16] = 9; k[17] = 11; // Triangle 5
k[18] = 12; k[19] = 13; k[20] = 14; // Triangle 6
k[21] = 12; k[22] = 13; k[23] = 15; // Triangle 7
HR(mTreeIB->Unlock());
}
void TreeDemo::buildFX()
{
// Create the FX from a .fx file.
ID3DXBuffer* errors = 0;
HR(D3DXCreateEffectFromFile(gd3dDevice, "DirLightTex.fx",
0, 0, D3DXSHADER_DEBUG, 0, &mFX, &errors));
if( errors )
MessageBox(0, (char*)errors->GetBufferPointer(), 0, 0);
// Obtain handles.
mhTech = mFX->GetTechniqueByName("DirLightTexTech");
mhWVP = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gWVP");
mhWorldInvTrans = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gWorldInvTrans");
mhLightVecW = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gLightVecW");
mhDiffuseMtrl = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gDiffuseMtrl");
mhDiffuseLight = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gDiffuseLight");
mhAmbientMtrl = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gAmbientMtrl");
mhAmbientLight = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gAmbientLight");
mhSpecularMtrl = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gSpecularMtrl");
mhSpecularLight = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gSpecularLight");
mhSpecularPower = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gSpecularPower");
mhEyePos = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gEyePosW");
mhWorld = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gWorld");
mhTex = mFX->GetParameterByName(0, "gTex");
}
void TreeDemo::drawGround()
{
HR(mFX->SetValue(mhAmbientMtrl, &mGroundMtrl.ambient, sizeof(D3DXCOLOR)));
HR(mFX->SetValue(mhDiffuseMtrl, &mGroundMtrl.diffuse, sizeof(D3DXCOLOR)));
HR(mFX->SetValue(mhSpecularMtrl, &mGroundMtrl.spec, sizeof(D3DXCOLOR)));
HR(mFX->SetFloat(mhSpecularPower, mGroundMtrl.specPower));
HR(mFX->SetMatrix(mhWVP, &(mGroundWorld*mView*mProj)));
D3DXMATRIX worldInvTrans;
D3DXMatrixInverse(&worldInvTrans, 0, &mGroundWorld);
D3DXMatrixTranspose(&worldInvTrans, &worldInvTrans);
HR(mFX->SetMatrix(mhWorldInvTrans, &worldInvTrans));
HR(mFX->SetMatrix(mhWorld, &mGroundWorld));
HR(mFX->SetTexture(mhTex, mGroundTex));
HR(gd3dDevice->SetVertexDeclaration(VertexPNT::Decl));
HR(gd3dDevice->SetStreamSource(0, mGridVB, 0, sizeof(VertexPNT)));
HR(gd3dDevice->SetIndices(mGridIB));
// Begin passes.
UINT numPasses = 0;
HR(mFX->Begin(&numPasses, 0));
HR(mFX->BeginPass(0));
HR(gd3dDevice->DrawIndexedPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 0, mNumGridVertices, 0, mNumGridTriangles));
HR(mFX->EndPass());
HR(mFX->End());
}
void TreeDemo::drawTrees()
{
// Enable alpha test.
HR(gd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHATESTENABLE, true));
//HR(gd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHAFUNC, D3DCMP_GREATEREQUAL));
//HR(gd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHAREF, 100));
// Turn off backface culling so you can see both sides of the gate.
//HR(gd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE));
//HR(mFX->SetValue(mhAmbientMtrl, &mTreeMtrl.ambient, sizeof(D3DXCOLOR)));
//HR(mFX->SetValue(mhDiffuseMtrl, &mTreeMtrl.diffuse, sizeof(D3DXCOLOR)));
//HR(mFX->SetValue(mhSpecularMtrl, &mTreeMtrl.spec, sizeof(D3DXCOLOR)));
//HR(mFX->SetFloat(mhSpecularPower, mTreeMtrl.specPower));
HR(mFX->SetMatrix(mhWVP, &(mTreeWorld*mView*mProj)));
//D3DXMATRIX worldInvTrans;
//D3DXMatrixInverse(&worldInvTrans, 0, &mGateWorld);
//D3DXMatrixTranspose(&worldInvTrans, &worldInvTrans);
//HR(mFX->SetMatrix(mhWorldInvTrans, &worldInvTrans));
//HR(mFX->SetMatrix(mhWorld, &mGateWorld));
HR(mFX->SetTexture(mhTex, mTreeTex));
HR(gd3dDevice->SetVertexDeclaration(VertexPNT::Decl));
HR(gd3dDevice->SetStreamSource(0, mTreeVB, 0, sizeof(VertexPNT)));
HR(gd3dDevice->SetIndices(mTreeIB));
// Begin passes.
UINT numPasses = 0;
HR(mFX->Begin(&numPasses, 0));
HR(mFX->BeginPass(1));
HR(gd3dDevice->DrawIndexedPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 0, 16, 0, 8));
HR(mFX->EndPass());
HR(mFX->End());
// Disable alpha test.
HR(gd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHATESTENABLE, false));
// Turn culling back on.
// HR(gd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_CCW));
}
...and the shader:
uniform extern float4x4 gWorld;
uniform extern float4x4 gWorldInvTrans;
uniform extern float4x4 gWVP;
uniform extern float4 gAmbientMtrl;
uniform extern float4 gAmbientLight;
uniform extern float4 gDiffuseMtrl;
uniform extern float4 gDiffuseLight;
uniform extern float4 gSpecularMtrl;
uniform extern float4 gSpecularLight;
uniform extern float gSpecularPower;
uniform extern float3 gLightVecW;
uniform extern float3 gEyePosW;
uniform extern texture gTex;
sampler TexS = sampler_state
{
Texture = <gTex>;
MinFilter = Anisotropic;
MagFilter = LINEAR;
MipFilter = LINEAR;
MaxAnisotropy = 8;
AddressU = WRAP;
AddressV = WRAP;
};
struct OutputVS
{
float4 posH : POSITION0;
float4 diffuse : COLOR0;
float4 spec : COLOR1;
float2 tex0 : TEXCOORD0;
};
OutputVS DirLightTexVS(float3 posL : POSITION0, float3 normalL : NORMAL0, float2 tex0: TEXCOORD0)
{
// Zero out our output.
OutputVS outVS = (OutputVS)0;
// Transform normal to world space.
float3 normalW = mul(float4(normalL, 0.0f), gWorldInvTrans).xyz;
normalW = normalize(normalW);
// Transform vertex position to world space.
float3 posW = mul(float4(posL, 1.0f), gWorld).xyz;
//=======================================================
// Compute the color: Equation 10.3.
// Compute the vector from the vertex to the eye position.
float3 toEye = normalize(gEyePosW - posW);
// Compute the reflection vector.
float3 r = reflect(-gLightVecW, normalW);
// Determine how much (if any) specular light makes it into the eye.
float t = pow(max(dot(r, toEye), 0.0f), gSpecularPower);
// Determine the diffuse light intensity that strikes the vertex.
float s = max(dot(gLightVecW, normalW), 0.0f);
// Compute the ambient, diffuse and specular terms separatly.
float3 spec = t*(gSpecularMtrl*gSpecularLight).rgb;
float3 diffuse = s*(gDiffuseMtrl*gDiffuseLight).rgb;
float3 ambient = gAmbientMtrl*gAmbientLight;
// Sum all the terms together and copy over the diffuse alpha.
outVS.diffuse.rgb = ambient + diffuse;
outVS.diffuse.a = gDiffuseMtrl.a;
outVS.spec = float4(spec, 0.0f);
//=======================================================
// Transform to homogeneous clip space.
outVS.posH = mul(float4(posL, 1.0f), gWVP);
// Pass on texture coordinates to be interpolated in rasterization.
outVS.tex0 = tex0;
// Done--return the output.
return outVS;
}
OutputVS AABillBoardVS(float3 posL : POSITION0, float3 bbOffset : TEXCOORD0, float2 tex0: TEXCOORD1)
{
OutputVS outVS = (OutputVS)0;
float3 tempPosW = posL + bbOffset;
float3 look = gEyePosW - tempPosW;
look.y = 0.0f;
look = normalize(look);
float3 up = float3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
float3 right = cross(up, look);
float3x3 R;
R[0] = right;
R[1] = up;
R[2] = look;
float3 posW = mul(posL, R) + bbOffset;
outVS.posH = mul(float4(posW, 1.0f), gWVP);
outVS.tex0 = tex0;
return outVS;
}
float4 DirLightTexPS(float4 c : COLOR0, float4 spec : COLOR1, float2 tex0 : TEXCOORD0) : COLOR
{
float4 texColor = tex2D(TexS, tex0);
float3 diffuse = c.rgb * texColor.rgb;
return float4(diffuse + spec.rgb, texColor.a*c.a);
}
float4 AABillBoardPS(float2 tex0 : TEXCOORD0) : COLOR
{
float4 texColor = tex2D(TexS, tex0);
return (texColor.rgb, texColor.a);
}
technique DirLightTexTech
{
pass P0
{
// Specify the vertex and pixel shader associated with this pass.
vertexShader = compile vs_2_0 DirLightTexVS();
pixelShader = compile ps_2_0 DirLightTexPS();
}
pass P1
{
vertexShader = compile vs_2_0 AABillBoardVS();
pixelShader = compile ps_2_0 AABillBoardPS();
}
}
What am I missing?