Hey, for a little physics project I want to find the collision normal and penetration for a circle and an aabb. How would I go about doing this?

It works! However it leaves a tiny bit of overlap.

This only works if the sphere center is outside of the box (which should be the majority of cases though). If the sphere center is inside the box you need to compute the distance to each side of the box and keep track of the closest one. The defines the axis of minimum penetration and you can construct the contact point from there.

You also need to be careful with the location of your collision point. I would move the contact point out onto the surface of the sphere for consistent friction in a rigid body simulation.

For the record, using this method( The one WarAmp gave) I still get a little bit of overlap. here is my code :

            Vector2 p;
            p.X = Utils.Clamp(c.myCenter.X, b.Min.X, b.Max.X);
            p.Y = Utils.Clamp(c.myCenter.Y, b.Max.Y, b.Min.Y);

            Vector2 toClosest = c.myCenter - p;

            float d = toClosest.LengthFast;

            Depth = c.myRadius - d;
            myNormal = toClosest / d;

The triangle in this picture is encapsulated by a bounding circle, and this is how far it still impregnates.

p.X = Utils.Clamp(c.myCenter.X, b.Min.X, b.Max.X);
p.Y = Utils.Clamp(c.myCenter.Y, b.Max.Y, b.Min.Y); <=== Check this line

Ah of course! Silly error. Thanks!