Programming a simply 2D game
I think GameMaker is your best option. You barely need to know how to code.
If you want to go that route, there is pygame to handle the "game" side of things. I don't understand the latter requirement, but all other look very doable to me.
The mechanic of game is simply, randome pictures with grasshopper appear (grasshoppers have a number but people musnt not see it), and when u click the game has to record the time taken for find the grasshopper and the order, and allow a data set export.
Are you looking for someone to make this game for you, or just looking for advice on how to do it yourself? Something like this would be extremely easy to create with most any game engine. You could even do it on a website. It might even be easier to do as a website, that way you just need to send the link to people to do the test.
There are couple of simple game editors which could suit you,
I recommend Love, Game maker or unity. (Love being the easiest and unity the most difficult of these).
This could be built using a webpage and javascript.. With a simple server to collect results (parse?). This way you can send anyone the test link in email and they can participste in a browser