Yes.  Python is one of the main languages that runs the internet.  It is widely support.  It is worthwhile to be familiar with and a joy to use to program in.

The Python standard library has support for RDBMs and key-value databases.  I can't recommend an IDE (because I don't recommend using an IDE) but the one that ships with Python itself is IDLE.

Yep, python is a great language. It’s very popular and some huge projects use it (Eve online, i think). 

You can also write bindings for it in C or C++. 

As for an IDE, there are plenty out there. Both Eclipse and Visual Studio have python plug-ins. 

It can also make you fly

I agree with Bregma and ChaosEngine. Besides, i'd like to recommand VSCode as your Python IDE, which is the future of code editor IMO.

JetBrains (the makers of IntelliJ) also produce a dedicated Python IDE. Use the free community edition.

In my experience, particularly considering you are learning, you are going to use the Python reference documentation more intensely than an IDE; I wouldn't bother with linters and the like. 

Within the official reference documentation, which on Windows comes conveniently compiled in a CHM help file, I recommend:

• The first few chapters of "The Python Tutorial" as a gentle tutorial.
• "The Python Language Reference" for fundamental and theoretical concepts (e.g. name lookup rules) and syntax doubts
• "The Python Standard Library" for how to do something specific; it includes "Built-in Functions" and "Built-in Types", covering the core of the language, and many chapters about specific standard library modules.
• "What's new in Python" for the embedded PEPs. Thanks to their purpose of convincing the community to adopt them, Python Enhancement Proposals provide a very focused description of new language and library features in a formal and detailed but readable style.