// include the basic windows header files and the Direct3D header file#include <windows.h>#include <windowsx.h>#include <d3d9.h>#include <d3dx9.h>// define the screen resolution and keyboard macros#define SCREEN_WIDTH 1680#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 1050#define KEY_DOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)#define KEY_UP(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)// include the Direct3D Library files#pragma comment (lib, "d3d9.lib")#pragma comment (lib, "d3dx9.lib")// global declarationsLPDIRECT3D9 d3d;    // the pointer to our Direct3D interfaceLPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev;    // the pointer to the device classLPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 t_buffer = NULL;    // the pointer to the vertex bufferLPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 z_buffer = NULL;    // the pointer to the z-buffer// mesh declarationsLPD3DXMESH meshSpaceship;    // define the mesh pointerD3DMATERIAL9* material;    // define the material objectDWORD numMaterials;    // stores the number of materials in the mesh// function prototypesvoid initD3D(HWND hWnd);    // sets up and initializes Direct3Dvoid render_frame(void);    // renders a single framevoid cleanD3D(void);    // closes Direct3D and releases memoryvoid init_graphics(void);    // 3D declarationsvoid init_light(void);    // sets up the light and the material// the WindowProc function prototypeLRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);// the entry point for any Windows programint WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,                   HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,                   LPSTR lpCmdLine,                   int nCmdShow){    HWND hWnd;    WNDCLASSEX wc;    ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX));    wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);    wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;    wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WindowProc;    wc.hInstance = hInstance;    wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);    wc.lpszClassName = L"WindowClass1";    RegisterClassEx(&wc);    hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,                          L"WindowClass1",                          L"Our Direct3D Program",                          WS_EX_TOPMOST | WS_POPUP,                          0, 0,                          SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT,                          NULL,                          NULL,                          hInstance,                          NULL);    ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);    // set up and initialize Direct3D    initD3D(hWnd);    // enter the main loop:    MSG msg;    while(TRUE)    {        DWORD starting_point = GetTickCount();        if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))        {            if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)                break;            TranslateMessage(&msg);            DispatchMessage(&msg);        }        render_frame();        // check the 'escape' key        if(KEY_DOWN(VK_ESCAPE))            PostMessage(hWnd, WM_DESTROY, 0, 0);        while ((GetTickCount() - starting_point) < 25);    }    // clean up DirectX and COM    cleanD3D();    return msg.wParam;}// this is the main message handler for the programLRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){    switch(message)    {        case WM_DESTROY:            {                PostQuitMessage(0);                return 0;            } break;    }    return DefWindowProc (hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);}// this function initializes and prepares Direct3D for usevoid initD3D(HWND hWnd){    d3d = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;    ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));    d3dpp.Windowed = FALSE;    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;    d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hWnd;    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8;    d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH;    d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = SCREEN_HEIGHT;    d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE;    // automatically run the z-buffer for us    d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;    // 16-bit pixel format for the z-buffer    // create a device class using this information and the info from the d3dpp stuct    d3d->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,                      D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,                      hWnd,                      D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,                      &d3dpp,                      &d3ddev);    init_graphics();    // call the function to initialize the triangle    init_light();    // call the function to initialize the light and material    d3ddev->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, TRUE);    // turn on the 3D lighting    d3ddev->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, TRUE);    // turn on the z-buffer    d3ddev->SetRenderState(D3DRS_AMBIENT, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(50, 50, 50));    // ambient light    return;}// this is the function used to render a single framevoid render_frame(void){    d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);    d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);    d3ddev->BeginScene();    // SET UP THE TRANSFORMS    D3DXMATRIX matView;    // the view transform matrix    D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&matView,    &D3DXVECTOR3 (0.0f, 4.0f, 8.0f),    // the camera position    &D3DXVECTOR3 (0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),    // the look-at position    &D3DXVECTOR3 (0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));    // the up direction    d3ddev->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &matView);    // set the view transform to matView     D3DXMATRIX matProjection;    // the projection transform matrix    D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&matProjection,                               D3DXToRadian(70),    // the horizontal field of view                               SCREEN_WIDTH / SCREEN_HEIGHT,    // the aspect ratio                               1.0f,    // the near view-plane                               100.0f);    // the far view-plane    d3ddev->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProjection);    // set the projection    static float index = 0.0f;		if ( KEY_DOWN(VK_LEFT) )		index += 0.03f;    // an ever-increasing float value	if ( KEY_DOWN(VK_RIGHT) )		index -= 0.03f;    D3DXMATRIX matRotateY;    // a matrix to store the rotation for each triangle    D3DXMatrixRotationY(&matRotateY, index);    // the rotation matrix    d3ddev->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &(matRotateY));    // set the world transform    // draw the spaceship    for(DWORD i = 0; i < numMaterials; i++)    // loop through each subset    {        d3ddev->SetMaterial(&material);    // set the material for the subset        meshSpaceship->DrawSubset(i);    // draw the subset    }    d3ddev->EndScene();     d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);    return;}// this is the function that cleans up Direct3D and COMvoid cleanD3D(void){    meshSpaceship->Release();    // close and release the spaceship mesh    d3ddev->Release();    // close and release the 3D device    d3d->Release();    // close and release Direct3D    return;}// this is the function that puts the 3D models into video RAMvoid init_graphics(void){    LPD3DXBUFFER bufShipMaterial;    D3DXLoadMeshFromX(L"spaceship 2.x",    // load this file                      D3DXMESH_SYSTEMMEM,    // load the mesh into system memory                      d3ddev,    // the Direct3D Device                      NULL,    // we aren't using adjacency                      &bufShipMaterial,    // put the materials here                      NULL,    // we aren't using effect instances                      &numMaterials,    // the number of materials in this model                      &meshSpaceship);    // put the mesh here    // retrieve the pointer to the buffer containing the material information    D3DXMATERIAL* tempMaterials = (D3DXMATERIAL*)bufShipMaterial->GetBufferPointer();    // create a new material buffer for each material in the mesh    material = new D3DMATERIAL9[numMaterials];    for(DWORD i = 0; i < numMaterials; i++)    // for each material...    {        material = tempMaterials.MatD3D;    // get the material info        material.Ambient = material.Diffuse;    // make ambient the same as diffuse    }    return;}// this is the function that sets up the lights and materialsvoid init_light(void){    D3DLIGHT9 light;    // create the light struct    ZeroMemory(&light, sizeof(light));    // clear out the light struct for use    light.Type = D3DLIGHT_SPOT;    // make the light type spot light'    light.Diffuse.r = 0.5f;    // .5 red    light.Diffuse.g = 0.5f;    // .5 green    light.Diffuse.b = 0.5f;    // .5 blue    light.Diffuse.a = 1.0f;    // full alpha (we'll get to that soon)    light.Range = 500.0f;    // a range of 100    light.Attenuation0 = 0.0f;    // no constant inverse attenuation    light.Attenuation1 = 0.125f;    // only .125 inverse attenuation    light.Attenuation2 = 0.0f;    // no square inverse attenuation    light.Phi = D3DXToRadian(40.0f);    // set the outer cone to 30 degrees    light.Theta = D3DXToRadian(20.0f);    // set the inner cone to 10 degrees    light.Falloff = 0.0f;    // use the typical falloff    D3DVECTOR vecPosition = {-8.0f, 0.0f, 30.0f};    // the position of the light    light.Position = vecPosition;    // set the position    D3DVECTOR vecDirection = {0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f};    // the direction of the light    light.Direction = vecDirection;    // set the direction    d3ddev->SetLight(0, &light);    // send the light struct properties to light #0    d3ddev->LightEnable(0, TRUE);    // turn on light #0    return;}

D3DXMatrixRotationX(&matRotX, -XAngle);D3DXMatrixRotationY(&matRotY, -YAngle);D3DXMatrixRotationZ(&matRotZ, -ZAngle);D3DXMatrixTranslation(&matTrans, -XPos, -YPos, -ZPos);D3DXMatrixIdentity(&matView);D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matView, &matView, &matTrans);D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matView, &matView, &matRotZ);D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matView, &matView, &matRotY);D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matView, &matView, &matRotX);

D3DXMatrixRotationX(&matRotX, XAngle);D3DXMatrixRotationY(&matRotY, YAngle);D3DXMatrixRotationZ(&matRotZ, ZAngle);D3DXMatrixTranslation(&matTrans, XPos, YPos, ZPos);D3DXMatrixIdentity(&matWorld);D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matWorld, &matWorld, &matTrans);D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matWorld, &matWorld, &matRotZ);D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matWorld, &matWorld, &matRotY);D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matWorld, &matWorld, &matRotX);

static float index_y = 0.0f;static float index_x = 0.0f;	if ( KEY_DOWN(VK_LEFT) )	index_y += 0.03f;    // an ever-increasing float valueif ( KEY_DOWN(VK_RIGHT) )	index_y -= 0.03f;if ( KEY_DOWN(VK_UP) )	index_x += 0.03f;    // an ever-increasing float valueif ( KEY_DOWN(VK_DOWN) )	index_x -= 0.03f;D3DXMATRIX matRotateY;    // a matrix to store the rotation for each triangleD3DXMATRIX matRotateX;D3DXMatrixRotationY(&matRotateY, index_y);    // the rotation matrixD3DXMatrixRotationX(&matRotateX, index_x);d3ddev->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &(matRotateX));d3ddev->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &(matRotateY));    // set the world transform